jump

jump¹ W3S2 [dʒʌmp] v

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1¦(upwards)¦

2¦(downwards)¦

3¦(move fast)¦

4¦(in fear/surprise)¦

5¦(increase)¦

6¦(keep changing)¦

7¦(miss a stage)¦

8¦(machine)¦

9¦(attack)¦

10 jump to conclusions

11 jump the gun

12 jump for joy

13 jump down somebody's throat

14 jump the queue

15 jump through hoops

16 jump ship

17 jump bail

18 jump to it!

19 (go) jump in a lake!

20 jump the rails

21 jump a light

21 jump the lights

22 jump a train

23¦(car)¦

24¦(sex)¦

Phrasal verbs

　jump at something

　jump in

　jump on somebody

　jump out at somebody

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1.) ¦(UPWARDS)¦

a)

to push yourself up into the air, or over or away from something etc using your legs

▪ How high can you jump?

jump over/across/onto etc sth

▪ He jumped over the wall and ran off.

▪ Fans were jumping up and down (=jumping repeatedly) and cheering.

jump clear (of sth)

(=jump out of danger)

▪ We managed to jump clear of the car before it hit the wall.

b) [T]

to go over or across something by jumping

▪ He jumped the gate, landing on the concrete.

2.) ¦(DOWNWARDS)¦ [I]

to let yourself drop from a place that is above the ground

▪ The cats jumped down and came to meet us.

jump from/out of/onto etc sth

▪ Three people saved themselves by jumping from the window.

3.) ¦(MOVE FAST)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition]

to move quickly or suddenly in a particular direction

= ↑leap jump up/back/in etc

▪ Matt jumped up to answer the phone.

▪ We all jumped in a taxi.

▪ She jumped to her feet and left.

4.) ¦(IN FEAR/SURPRISE)¦ [I]

to make a quick sudden movement because you are surprised or frightened

▪ Marcia jumped. 'What's that noise?'

▪ Sorry, I didn't mean to make you jump (=surprise or frighten you) .

▪ Don't shout. I nearly jumped out of my skin (=was very shocked or frightened) !

5.) ¦(INCREASE)¦ [I]

to increase or improve suddenly and by a large amount

jump (from ...) to sth

▪ Profits jumped to £2.6 million last year.

▪ Norway jumped from ninth to third place.

6.) ¦(KEEP CHANGING)¦ [I and T]

to change quickly and often from one idea, place, position etc to another - used to show disapproval

jump from sth to sth

▪ Cathy kept jumping from one topic to another.

jump about/around (sth)

▪ I've been jumping about the file instead of working straight through it.

7.) ¦(MISS A STAGE)¦ [I and T]

to move suddenly to a further part of a book, discussion, leaving out the part in between

▪ I'm afraid I jumped a couple of chapters.

jump to

▪ The movie suddenly jumped ahead to the future.

8.) ¦(MACHINE)¦ [I]

if a machine or piece of equipment jumps, it moves suddenly because something is wrong with it

▪ Why does the video keep jumping like this?

9.) ¦(ATTACK)¦ [T] [i]informal

to attack someone suddenly

▪ Somebody jumped him in the park last night.

10.) jump to conclusions

to form an opinion about something before you have all the facts

▪ There may be a simple explanation. Let's not jump to conclusions.

11.) jump the gun

to start doing something too soon, especially without thinking about it carefully

12.) jump for joy

to be extremely happy and pleased

13.) jump down sb's throat informal

to suddenly speak angrily to someone

14.) jump the queue

BrE to go in front of others who are already waiting in a line - used to show disapproval

→↑queue-jumping

15.) jump through hoops

to do a series of things that are difficult or annoying, but that are necessary in order to achieve something

▪ We had to jump through hoops to get our visas in time.

16.) jump ship

a) to leave an organization that you are working for, especially in order to join another

▪ The best employees jumped ship at the first opportunity.

b) to leave a ship on which you are working as a sailor, without permission

17.) jump bail

to leave a town, city, or country where a court of law has ordered you to stay until your ↑trial ¹(1)

18.) jump to it!

spoken used to order someone to do something immediately

19.) (go) jump in a lake!

spoken used to rudely tell someone to go away

20.) jump the rails

BrE jump the tracks AmE

if a train jumps the rails, it suddenly goes off the metal tracks it is moving along

21.) jump a light also jump the lights

to drive through red ↑traffic lights without stopping

22.) jump a train

especially AmE to travel on a train, especially a ↑freight train, without paying

23.) ¦(CAR)¦ [T]

AmE to ↑jump-start a car

24.) ¦(SEX)¦ [T]

spoken not polite to have sex with someone

jump at [jump at sth] phr v

to eagerly accept the chance to do something

▪ I jumped at the chance of a trip to Hong Kong.

jump in phr v

to interrupt someone or suddenly join a conversation

▪ Lena quickly jumped in with a diverting remark.

jump on [jump on sb] phr v

to criticize or punish someone, especially unfairly

jump on somebody for

▪ He used to jump on me for every little mistake.

jump out at [jump out at sb] phr v

if something jumps out at you, it is extremely noticeable, often in a way you do not like

▪ I don't like jewellery that jumps out at you.

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HINT sense 5

Do not say that an amount, level, price etc 'jumps up'. Say it jumps.

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jump ²

jump² n

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1¦(up)¦

2¦(down)¦

3¦(increase)¦

4¦(progress)¦

5 with a jump

6 keep/stay etc a jump ahead (of somebody)

7¦(something you jump over)¦

8 get a jump on somebody/something

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1.) ¦(UP)¦

an act of pushing yourself suddenly up into the air using your legs

= ↑leap

▪ the best jump of the competition

▪ a dancer famous for his impressive jumps

2.) ¦(DOWN)¦

an act of letting yourself drop from a place that is above the ground

do/make a jump

▪ Douglas made his first 10,000 foot parachute jump yesterday.

3.) ¦(INCREASE)¦

a sudden large increase in an amount or value

jump in

▪ a jump in inflation rates

4.) ¦(PROGRESS)¦

especially BrE a large or sudden change, especially one that improves things

▪ The new law is a great jump forward for human rights.

5.) with a jump

BrE if you wake, sit up etc with a jump, you do it very suddenly because you are surprised or shocked

▪ She woke with a jump, hearing a noise downstairs.

6.) keep/stay etc a jump ahead (of sb)

BrE informal to keep your advantage over the people you are competing with by always being the first to do or know something new

7.) ¦(SOMETHING YOU JUMP OVER)¦

a fence, gate, or wall that a person or horse has to jump over in a race or competition

▪ Her horse cleared all the jumps in the first round.

8.) get a jump on sb/sth

AmE informal to gain an advantage, especially by doing something earlier than usual or earlier than someone else

▪ I want to get a jump on my Christmas shopping.

→↑high jump, ↑long jump,take a running jump at ↑running² (8), ↑ski jump, ↑triple jump